This Tuesday (24), Donald Trump’s government is evaluating three main ways to unblock the Strait of Hormuz, currently blocked by threats from Iran. The crisis threatens 20% of world energy production and has mobilized the Pentagon to send 3,000 soldiers to reinforce security in the Middle East.
What is the Strait of Hormuz and why is it so important?
The Strait of Hormuz is one of the most valuable maritime routes on the planet. It connects the Persian Gulf to the Indian Ocean and acts as an ‘avenue’ through which about a fifth of all the oil and natural gas consumed in the world passes. When Iran threatens or attacks ships in this region, the flow of energy is interrupted, which causes a rapid increase in fuel prices and generates instability in the economy of almost all countries.
How would an international alliance work to protect the route?
The idea is to unite several countries to carry out joint military escorts of commercial ships. Trump suggested that nations that depend on the route, such as Europe and even China, participate in the effort. However, there are practical difficulties due to the geography of the location: ships need to pass very close to the Iranian coast, which is mountainous and full of hiding places for small arms and drones, which are difficult to track and attack.
Is there the possibility of direct negotiation with the Iranian government?
Yes, this is the second copy evaluated. Recently, Trump revealed that he was in contact with a ‘powerful figure’ in Iran and that the regime had made an important concession in the energy sector. To facilitate dialogue and contain rising prices, the US even temporarily released the sale of Iranian oil that was already held on ships at sea. There are rumors of a 15-point peace plan being brokered by Pakistan.
What is the land military option being considered by the US?
The third option involves the seizure of Kharg Island, Iran’s most important oil export hub. Experts point out that around 2,200 marines and combat aircraft support would be needed to dominate the site on land through amphibious landings. The mobilization of the US Army’s 82nd Airborne Division, which specializes in paratroop attacks, indicates that ground operations may be on the horizon.
Which countries have already received permission to pass through the strait?
While the collective plan does not come to fruition, some countries are negotiating individually with Iran. India signed a direct agreement to guarantee the flow of gas and oil. Japan, which receives 90% of its oil via this route, has also started diplomatic talks. On the other hand, Iran has been charging ‘informal tolls’ of up to US$2 million per trip on ships that do not have these agreements, using the fear of attacks as an extortion tool.
Content produced based on information gathered by the Gazeta do Povo team of reporters. To access the full information and delve deeper into the topic, read the report below.
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